1. It may refer to habitual or customary activity, seen as a whole .The writer is concerned with what happens every time
- He goes to the cinema twice a week
- They usually sit at the back of the class
- Indians celebrate the Republic Day on 26 January
- Dinesh smokes
2. It may express what the writer believes to be a general truth, valid at all times and not merely just at present
- The sun rises in the east
- Rain always alls from the clouds
- A magnet attracks iron
- Positive electricity always moves to negative electricity
- Lemons taste sharp
3. Quite a different use of the Present Simple is often made in scientific and similar demonstrations. The actions referred to occur at the time of speaking and are usually visible. They may be either brief or prolonged
- I take the test-tube, transfer the liquid in it to the flask, hold it up to the light, and observe the sudden change of colour
4. Rather similar is the use of the Present Simple in radio comentaries on, for instance, football or cricket matches
- Ambedkar passes the ball to Gaekward, dashes forward, passes again, gets it back again, kicks it up the field
5. The Present Simple may also refer to future time, as in :
- Prime Minister, Mrs. Indira Gandhi, leaves for London on Saturday
6. Another distinct use in seen in the so-called Present Historic which sometimes alternates with the Past Simple in narration of past events, making them seem more immediate and more vivid
- Bharat goes to the forest to bring Rama back to Ayodhaya
7. When reference is made to an author's writings, the Present Simple is often the tense used, whether the author is living or dead
- Milton says in Paradise Lost that . . . . .
8. The Present Simple is used to replace the Future Tense after when, wherever, until, till, as soon as, before, after, as long as, if, unless in subordinate adverbial clauses of time
- If you don't arrive early, you will not get a seat
- Unless it rains, I shall go on the river
- I'll wait here until father comes back
- As soon as he comes, I will give him your message
- You shall never enter this house as long as I live in it
- They will visit us after they return from Madras
- Before they go to the pictures they will come to us
- I shall discuss it with you whenever you like to come
- When the lecturer calls my name, will you tell him I am ill ?
Note : The tense used in main clause is future, but in the subordinate clause the Simple Present is used even though the future is referred to
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- I take the test-tube, transfer the liquid in it to the flask, hold it up to the light, and observe the sudden change of colour
4. Rather similar is the use of the Present Simple in radio comentaries on, for instance, football or cricket matches
- Ambedkar passes the ball to Gaekward, dashes forward, passes again, gets it back again, kicks it up the field
5. The Present Simple may also refer to future time, as in :
- Prime Minister, Mrs. Indira Gandhi, leaves for London on Saturday
6. Another distinct use in seen in the so-called Present Historic which sometimes alternates with the Past Simple in narration of past events, making them seem more immediate and more vivid
- Bharat goes to the forest to bring Rama back to Ayodhaya
7. When reference is made to an author's writings, the Present Simple is often the tense used, whether the author is living or dead
- Milton says in Paradise Lost that . . . . .
8. The Present Simple is used to replace the Future Tense after when, wherever, until, till, as soon as, before, after, as long as, if, unless in subordinate adverbial clauses of time
- If you don't arrive early, you will not get a seat
- Unless it rains, I shall go on the river
- I'll wait here until father comes back
- As soon as he comes, I will give him your message
- You shall never enter this house as long as I live in it
- They will visit us after they return from Madras
- Before they go to the pictures they will come to us
- I shall discuss it with you whenever you like to come
- When the lecturer calls my name, will you tell him I am ill ?
Note : The tense used in main clause is future, but in the subordinate clause the Simple Present is used even though the future is referred to
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